6G TECHNOLOGY

6G TECHNOLOGY

What is 6G and how will it be superior to 5G technology?

• After 5G, the sixth generation or 6G is the next generation telecom network that will be built upon 5G technology.
• 6G will be providing more reliable, ultra­low latency and affordable solutions with speeds almost 100 times faster than 5G.

• It can be used to enhance and drive new communication applications.
• These technological advances will impact user experience and transform economies and lives everywhere.
• It will include intelligent network management and control, and integrated wireless sensing and communication.
• It is expected to push the boundaries of communication technology by ushering in bandwidths of 1Tbps, which will be 100x that of 5G.
• It can potentially revolutionize the way people interact with other humans, machines, and data.

KEY FEATURES OF THE 6G VISION DOCUMENT OF THE GOVERNMENT

• The ‘Bharat 6G Vision’ document recently released by Prime Minister Narendra Modi is a road for creating a national mission for 6G having a Nine­ year tenure (2022-­2031).
• The mission’s purpose will be to catalyse coordination and interactions between various stakeholders in Centre and State governments as well as with industry and academia.
• The fundamental and applied research for 6G technologies is to create a new IP, knowledge, and skilling.
• The pilot scale demonstration and validation of these technologies in field trials for various use cases, and participation and contribution to national and international standards is expected from 2025 onwards.

BHARAT 6G PROJECT

• It aims to enable India to become a leading global supplier of intellectual property, products and solutions of affordable 6G telecom solutions and identify priority areas for 6G research based on India’s competitive advantages.
• India’s 6G project will be implemented in two phases, the first one from 2023 to 2025 and the second one from 2025 to 2030.
• In phase one, support will be provided to explorative ideas, risky pathways and proof-of-concept tests.
• The government has also appointed an apex council to oversee the project and focus on issues such as standardization, identification of the spectrum for 6G usage.

TECHNOLOGIES THAT WILL BENEFIT FROM 6G

• Roll out of 6G would benefit omni-channel experiences in all sectors because of its hyperconnectivity, giving everyone an advanced user experience.
• It will improve and enable access to required information, resources (both virtual and physical), and social services without constraints of time and physical location.
• For instance, in the education sector, it can enable students to experience industry interactions and virtual visits to gain knowledge via immersive experiences.
• Whether it is education, agriculture or healthcare, the use of AI/ML will play in big role.

CHALLENGES IN 6G TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA

• The physical infrastructure needed to enable 6G networks is one of the primary challenges.
• Generation of continuous THz signal is difficult and expensive because it has more strict requirements regarding size and has more complexity in designing the antenna/transmitter.
• The energy loss of signal is too much.
• The 6G has many promises to deliver, but hindered by underdeveloped real technology which could drastically advance 6G technology from 5G.

INDIA : GLOBAL LEADER IN 6G TECHNOLOGIES

• Despite being at a concept stage, 6G is already making waves with its promise of unified human-machine and machine-to-machine connectivity.
• It offers a glimpse of what lies in store as the next decade draws closer.
• According to Minister of Communications and IT, Ashwini Vaishnaw, India has recently secured more than 127 patents on 6G from global institutions.
• Countries like the US are keen to have technology from India.
• India will identify priority areas for research by involving all stakeholders, including industry, academia, and service providers.
• Spanning theoretical and simulation studies, proof-of-concept proto-types and demonstrations, and early-market interventions through start-ups, to take the lead.
• Also, with a global focus on its telecom and digital industries, India is advocating a stronger role in ongoing legislation at the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
• It also include a new global vision for 6G and international satellite communications standards.

SOURCE : THE HINDU

SYLLABUS : MAINS, GS-3, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY