JAL JEEVAN MISSION
- The Jal Jeevan Mission aims for providing piped drinking water to all rural households by 2024.
- The Jal Shakti Ministry is the nodal ministry for the implementation.
- Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) envisages supply of 55 litres of water per person per day to every rural household through Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) by 2024.
- JJM focuses on integrated demand and supply-side management of water at the local level.
- JJM looks to create a jan andolan for water, making it everyone’s priority.
- Funding Pattern: The fund sharing pattern between the Centre and states is 90:10 for Himalayan and North-Eastern States, 50:50 for other states, and 100% for Union Territories.
- The total allocation to the scheme is over Rs 3 lakh crore.
IMPLEMENTATION
- Paani Samitis plan, implement, manage, operate and maintain village water supply systems.
- These consist of 10-15 members, with at least 50% women members and other members from Self-Help Groups, Accredited Social and Health Workers, Anganwadi teachers, etc.
- The committees prepare a one-time village action plan, merging all available village resources. The plan is approved in a Gram Sabha before implementation.
PERFORMANCE
- Currently about 12.3 crore (62%) rural households have piped water connections up from 3.2 crore (16.6%) from 2019.
- Five states viz; Gujarat, Telangana, Goa, Haryana, and Punjab and 3 Union Territories — Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Daman Diu & Dadra Nagar Haveli and Puducherry have reported 100% coverage.
- Himachal Pradesh at 98.87%, followed by Bihar at 96.30%, are also poised to achieve saturation in near future.
SHORTCOMINGS
- Even in villages officially certified as having 100% coverage of Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC), many households do not have taps.
- Some do have taps, but are not getting any water through them;
- Even in the best case scenario, such households get no more than two hours of water.
- Many houses are not connected with pipes.
- Quality of water supply is a challenge.
