Multi – Dimensional Poverty Index India
- The National MPI Project is aimed at deconstructing the Global MPI and creating a globally aligned and yet customised MPI for Indian states.
- It comes under comprehensive Reform Action Plans with the larger goal of improving India’s position in the Global MPI rankings.
- NITI Aayog is the nodal Ministry for the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI).
- NITI Aayog is also responsible for engaging with the publishing agencies of the index (Oxford University’s Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)).
- India’s national MPI captures multiple and simultaneous deprivations faced by households across the three macro dimensions of health, education and living standards.
The National MPI dimensions, indicators and weights are given below:
Various states ranking and score in National MPI
GLOBAL MPI:
- The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an international measure of acute poverty covering over 100 developing countries.
- It is compiled by the UNDP and Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI).
- It complements traditional income-based poverty measures by capturing the deprivations that each person faces at the same time with respect to education, health and living standards.
- India ranked 66 out of 109 countries in global MPI 2021 rankings.
- It is computed using data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), Pan Arab Project for Family Health (PAPFAM) and national surveys.
- The MPI has three dimensions and 10 indicators. Each dimension is equally weighted, and each indicator within a dimension is also equally weighted.
- Any person who fails to meet the deprivation cutoff is identified as deprived in that indicator.
- So the core information the MPI uses is the profile of deprivations each person experiences.
- Its indicators are:
Syllabus: Prelims
